• Dihydrochalcone glucoside, dihydrochalkone, flavonoids, gamma-PGA-phloridzin conjugates, glucosides, phenolic glucoside, phloretic acid d-glucose, phloretin, phloretin 2'-glucoside, phloretin 2'-O-beta-D-glucoside, phloretin 2'-O-glucose, phloridzin dihydrate, phlorin, phlorizin (1-[2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone), phloroglucinol, phytoestrogens, polyphenols.

• Phlorizin, also known as phloridzin, is a compound found in several fruit trees, including apple and cherry, and the bark of pear trees.
• Experts have suggested that phlorizin may block glucose (sugar) absorption from the intestines and increase glucose loss in the urine.
• Phlorizin and its analogs (similar chemical compounds) are being investigated for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and stress hyperglycemia (high blood sugar levels). At this time, clinical studies investigating effects of phlorizin are lacking.

• Cancer prevention, cardiovascular health, diabetes, food additive, obesity.

Adults (18 years and older)

• There is no proven safe or effective dose for phlorizin in adults.

Children (under 18 years old)

• There is no proven safe or effective dose for phlorizin in children.

Allergies

• Avoid in patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to phlorizin.

Side Effects and Warnings

• There is currently a lack of information on adverse effects associated with phlorizin. Side effects may include overeating. Phlorizin is considered toxic by some experts.
• Phlorizin may lower blood sugar levels. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes or hypoglycemia, and in those taking drugs, herbs, or supplements that affect blood sugar. Blood glucose levels may need to be monitored by a qualified healthcare professional, including a pharmacist. Medication adjustments may be necessary.
• Use cautiously in patients with eating disorders, due to the potential for overeating.
• Use cautiously in patients with lipid disorders or in those taking drugs that lower cholesterol.
• Use cautiously in patients taking cardiovascular agents (drugs for the heart and vascular system).
• Use cautiously in patients taking drugs for the central nervous system.
• Use cautiously in patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding, due to insufficient safety evidence.
• Avoid in patients with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to phlorizin.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

• Use cautiously in patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding, due to insufficient safety evidence. Although it has not been well studied in humans, phlorizin may have negative effects in pregnancy and lactation.

Interactions with Drugs

• Phlorizin may lower blood sugar levels. Caution is advised when using medications that may also lower blood sugar. Patients taking drugs for diabetes by mouth or insulin should be monitored closely by a qualified healthcare professional, including a pharmacist. Medication adjustments may be necessary.
• Phlorizin may also interact with acetaminophen, anticancer agents, antivirals, blood cholesterol-lowering agents, butanediol, cardiovascular agents, central nervous system agents, cetrimide, epinephrine, gentamicin, gold thioglucose, glucagon, glycerol, heparin, hormones, hydrocortisone, osteoporosis medications, respiratory agents, skin products, theophylline, and thyroxine.

Interactions with Herbs and Dietary Supplements

• Phlorizin may lower blood sugar levels. Caution is advised when using herbs or supplements that may also lower blood sugar. Blood glucose levels may require monitoring, and doses may need adjustment.
• Phlorizin may also interact with anticancer herbs and supplements, antivirals, antioxidants, blood cholesterol-lowering herbs and supplements, cardiovascular herbs and supplements, central nervous system herbs and supplements, flavonoids, glycocoll, indoleacetic acid, isoflavones, osteoporosis herbs and supplements, respiratory herbs and supplements, skin products, and thujone-containing herbs and supplements.

• This information is based on a systematic review of scientific literature edited and peer-reviewed by contributors to the Natural Standard Research Collaboration (www.naturalstandard.com).

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